I'm guessing very few of you will have even heard of the vintage sal ammoniac haze pots. They weren't all heater cones with exposed elements - there were "safe" fully enclosed ones too.
One fog effect I missed from the list was the oil burning foggers. That was deliberate. They tend to be used on outdoor film sets, but are not suitable for indoor use.
With reference to glycol hazing of hospitals, you can still get a "glycolized air sanitizer" called Ozium which lists its ingredients as 4.4% triethylene glycol, 4.4% propylene glycol, 3.5% essential oils, 44.3% isopropyl alcohol and 43.4% inert ingredients - possibly the propellant? My brother uses it in morgues. It ain't cheap.
I properly hazed my house with the ammonium chloride. It didn't actually take much to do it. But the haze is literally tiny crystals of the chemical and does cause the sort of eye and nose effects you'd get from breathing dust. I doubt it would be allowed these days, but it does produce a surprisingly good effect that used to be common in night clubs before the glycol fog machines became popular.
Oil hazers are considered a specialist piece of equipment and are only suited to some venues. They produce a very fine haze of oil in the air, and as such might not be considered the healthiest haze generating device. Especially for continuous exposure in a themed environment.
Glycol fog machines and hazers tend to use fluids based on combinations of glycols or glycerin and water. The higher the concentration of glycol the denser the fog up to a point. Typically fog fluid is in the region of 30% glycol in distilled water. (Pure water reduces the risk of precipitate build up that can clog the heater tube.)
Glycol haze and fog goes back many decades with the only known hazards being irritation of the mucous membranes caused by the very hygroscopic (moisture absorbing)nature of the fog when overused.
An oft-quoted bit of research from the past involved groups of rats and monkeys living in closed environments that were hazed with glycol continuously for over a year. The only point they experienced issues was when the glycol saturation was so high that it caused skin drying problems. Subsequent analysis showed no lung or other organ anomalies.
One other fog effect used in some attractions at Disney theme parks is the liquid nitrogen fogger. It sprays liquid nitrogen into a spray of hot water or steam to create instant thick fog with short duration and no residue. It's only suited to specific attractions though as the initial cost and ongoing supply of liquid nitrogen to dedicated thermally insulated towers is huge. They also require integrated air monitors to avoid excessive oxygen displacement. The nearest similar effect found in the event industry is simple carbon dioxide jets for very short bursts of fog that disappear almost instantly.
The melted smoke machine video is here:-
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ZGGgb3iFpg
If you enjoy these videos you can help support the channel with a dollar for coffee, cookies and random gadgets for disassembly at:-
http://www.bigclive.com/coffee.htm
This also keeps the channel independent of YouTube's advertising algorithms allowing it to be a bit more dangerous and naughty.
One fog effect I missed from the list was the oil burning foggers. That was deliberate. They tend to be used on outdoor film sets, but are not suitable for indoor use.
With reference to glycol hazing of hospitals, you can still get a "glycolized air sanitizer" called Ozium which lists its ingredients as 4.4% triethylene glycol, 4.4% propylene glycol, 3.5% essential oils, 44.3% isopropyl alcohol and 43.4% inert ingredients - possibly the propellant? My brother uses it in morgues. It ain't cheap.
I properly hazed my house with the ammonium chloride. It didn't actually take much to do it. But the haze is literally tiny crystals of the chemical and does cause the sort of eye and nose effects you'd get from breathing dust. I doubt it would be allowed these days, but it does produce a surprisingly good effect that used to be common in night clubs before the glycol fog machines became popular.
Oil hazers are considered a specialist piece of equipment and are only suited to some venues. They produce a very fine haze of oil in the air, and as such might not be considered the healthiest haze generating device. Especially for continuous exposure in a themed environment.
Glycol fog machines and hazers tend to use fluids based on combinations of glycols or glycerin and water. The higher the concentration of glycol the denser the fog up to a point. Typically fog fluid is in the region of 30% glycol in distilled water. (Pure water reduces the risk of precipitate build up that can clog the heater tube.)
Glycol haze and fog goes back many decades with the only known hazards being irritation of the mucous membranes caused by the very hygroscopic (moisture absorbing)nature of the fog when overused.
An oft-quoted bit of research from the past involved groups of rats and monkeys living in closed environments that were hazed with glycol continuously for over a year. The only point they experienced issues was when the glycol saturation was so high that it caused skin drying problems. Subsequent analysis showed no lung or other organ anomalies.
One other fog effect used in some attractions at Disney theme parks is the liquid nitrogen fogger. It sprays liquid nitrogen into a spray of hot water or steam to create instant thick fog with short duration and no residue. It's only suited to specific attractions though as the initial cost and ongoing supply of liquid nitrogen to dedicated thermally insulated towers is huge. They also require integrated air monitors to avoid excessive oxygen displacement. The nearest similar effect found in the event industry is simple carbon dioxide jets for very short bursts of fog that disappear almost instantly.
The melted smoke machine video is here:-
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ZGGgb3iFpg
If you enjoy these videos you can help support the channel with a dollar for coffee, cookies and random gadgets for disassembly at:-
http://www.bigclive.com/coffee.htm
This also keeps the channel independent of YouTube's advertising algorithms allowing it to be a bit more dangerous and naughty.
Anti-China narratives are the dumpster of the internet
Phil Collins and genesis the band invested 1 million dollars in 1982 to vari lite for moving head lighting the first in the industry so they really brought fog to the front line. Way to go UK . Glad to see there investment was well spent. I remember them in an interview saying we had to invest because they new Clive was making a video 40 years later or 1inch per year of beard growth whichever was first. Good night Wembley thank u, like subscribe and drive safe
I am commenting on this in 2022 and I'm pleased to say that despite his best efforts Clive is still with us
For those of us across the pond, is that an imperial shit ton or a metric shit ton?
1 gal of water = Sq mile of fog. Or something.
Ebay is china's dumpster:)
Oh it's 6:00 in the morning, I should be getting up again.
I once operated a fog machine on stage at Southern Methodist University in Dallas, Texas USA when they did their annual Bob Hope Gala. I got to guide him on stage with my Pizza Delivery Spotlight! The fog machine was an oil drum with a heating element from a water heater and a mesh basket hanging on the lid with a pole to drop it in. The basket was full of Dry Ice and there was a fan on the lid with a hose like dryer exhaust. On Cue I would drop the ice down and switch on the fan. I flooded the stage with an awesome cloud for "When Smoke Gets In Your Eyes".
The term you were searching for to describe what happens when this salt is heated is decomposition, because the compound decomposes into ammonia and hydrogen chloride (before recombining). Sublimation is the phase change from a solid to a gas without going through a liquid state, like dry ice or even water ice, if the air around it is dry enough.
Drunk or not, another great video Clive.
I completely forgot about this video, but it does explain the bag of ammonium chloride in my …. "apothecary" 😳😅
Maybe me vaping E cigarettes is good for covid. I'm going to use it as an excuse to vape
Upvoted the second you mentioned having drank a bottle of wine while researching. This is the gold standard in research.